Question: What is umbilical hernia in newborn baby?
This is a common problem, and the vast majority correct themselves by 5 years of age. If they persist beyond this age, a small operation can be done to correct it. Most infants can have the lump in the center of their belly button pushed back into the abdomen.
If the lump cannot be reduced, or it becomes red and tender, a doctor should be consulted immediately. This is uncommon, but sometimes a small loop of gut can get caught in the hernia.
The umbilical hernias developed by older people are actually a different disease, due to a breakdown of the fibrous tissue above or below the umbilicus, and again rarely cause problems.

Question: What is Down’s syndrome?
All medical practitioners have seen patients with this relatively common syndrome that used to be known by the rather derogatory and racist name of ‘Mongolism’. Modern medical students now call it Trisomy 21 to totally confuse their older peers.
The disease is named after a London physician who lived in the middle of the nineteenth century. One in every 600 children has Down syndrome, but the actual incidence may be two or three times greater, with these pregnancies ending in miscarriage. The main characteristics include a ‘Mongol’ facial appearance, mental retardation and congenital heart disease. They also have a heavily fissured tongue, low set ears and a single transverse crease on the palm. The effect the syndrome has can vary from one victim to another. Some seem to cope, or are not as severely affected, as others. Unfortunately, as child grows, the problems may become more obvious.
Despite the claims of some quacks, there is no effective treatment for this distressing condition, but it can be diagnosed during pregnancy by special tests.